Tuesday, July 10, 2018

Shake Up Learning: Ch. 4: Technology Is Not a Solution

Technology has offered so many opportunities. I have been in a 1:1 classroom since I started teaching in 2014. Out of the seven different classes that I have taught in my four years in the district, only two classes have had textbooks. Both of those classes were Advanced Placement classes. Technology has opened a world of information to my students. It has also allowed them to publish their findings online, collaborate remotely, and share their work with others. My students have become creators, not just consumers.

My district is not a wealthy district. There are some students that don’t have access to the internet outside of school. Other students are actively involved in extracurricular activities or work that take up their time after school. I have been working to solve this problem by allowing my students more collaborative time and work time in class. This allows me to give feedback while they are working instead of only when their projects are complete. Other than that, I haven’t encountered many issues with technology that my students and I couldn’t fix or be flexible about.

I think it is ideal to have one device per student. I don’t think that they should always be on that device, and they sometimes should share devices to better collaborate, but it is ideal to be able to have all students working individually on their device if needed. This also allows students to bring the device home and collaborate from there.


Shake Up Learning: Entrepreneurial Learning Challenge Board

Shake Up Learning: Entrepreneurial Learning Challenge

I haven't incorporated entrepreneurial learning much into my classes, but that will change this year. I have a few ideas as to how to incorporate entrepreneurship more:
  • Have students collaborate, peer review, and create together, while taking on various leadership roles
  • Publish student work to a website or blog, and share out on Twitter
  • Have students publish children's books or short stories or self-help books
    • Publish e-books or hard copy books
    • Can put online to sell, as well
  • Create a fictional business that sells historical inventions
  • Shark Tank with historical inventions
  • Re-think a historical invention with a new, futuristic purpose
  • Create a new product and market it
    • Reflect on how the product fits into the economy as a whole, who the intended market is, create an advertisement, etc.
All of these ideas fit into the curriculum of my classes, which are as follows:
  • US History
  • World History
  • Economics
  • Sociology
  • Psychology
My classes are already student-centered, but projects such as these will allow students to take more ownership of their creations and will hopefully motivate students to try such ventures in the future.

Shake Up Learning: Ch. 3: The Rise of the Entrepreneur

My current curriculum does not support the entrepreneurial mind set. I’m not quite sure how to get it there, especially with classes such as Sociology and World History. This will be much easier to do in my new Economics class, where students can create businesses to simulate our larger economy. I do encourage my students to think for themselves and use their creativity, but that alone is not entrepreneurship. It sounds like a lot of educators feel similarly; we just aren’t sure where to start! A couple of ideas that I liked from other educators were:

  • Collaboration
  • Self-publishing (students publish their work)
  • Publish Choose Your Own Adventure Stories


Students need the following to survive in this changing economy:
  • The ability to collaborate, yet to work productively on their own
  • Curiosity
  • The ability to learn a new tool on their own
  • Willingness to try something new
  • Resilience and flexibility - the ability to bounce back when something doesn’t go according to plan
  • Willingness to ask for help when they need it

Shake Up Learning: Ch. 2: Technology Has Changed the Way We Learn

Technology permeates my daily life. I currently don’t have a smart phone, but even without one, I can still check Twitter, Facebook, Pinterest, E-mail, etc. Technology fascinates me, yet overwhelms me. I love learning about tech, but sometimes I just need a break. I didn’t realize how nice it was to disconnect until my smart phone broke. Having a phone that can’t access the internet actually feels freeing. Technology can make so many things quicker and easier, but I do realize the benefits of using it sparingly. My professional life hasn’t changed too drastically due to technology, considering that I am entering only my 5th year teaching. I started in a district that had 1:1 MacBooks and iPads, then moved to 1:1 Chromebooks. I can definitely say that I have a preference, but that’s for another time. The changes there were minor. Students could still perform the same tasks, just on a different machine. I foresee that things will continue to change, but I have always been adaptable when it comes to technology.

In order to make a lesson into something that will prepare students for the future, I have to consider the task that I am asking them to do. Regardless, the standards are set in stone for the time being. If I can insert the learning targets into an activity that fits into the context of my students’ lives, I can do a much better job of reaching them. Similarly, if I can put the learning targets into the context of a future career or skill they need (such as trying something new without any guidance), then my students can learn valuable abilities such as learning to problem-solve. If students are given all instructions word-for-word, chances are, there will be some that don’t read them anyway. Last year I started something new. I gave my students a new tool at the beginning of the year, knowing that we would be using it all year, and I didn’t give them any instruction. I simply gave them a task to do. Some failed miserably. Some succeeded. All were not graded. Starting with low-risk activities such as this give students an opportunity to try something and fail without fearing for their grade in the class. Long story short, in order to prepare students for the future, I have to let them loose. Set them free. Have them try something that they have never tried before without any hand-holding. We can’t teach students how to do everything, because there is too much and it changes every day. The best I can do is teach students how to figure things out on their own. I’ll be there to support them, but they are capable of doing a lot more than they let themselves believe.

I suppose I could spend hours on reddit, twitter, etc. to learn the new "vocabulary" of this generation, but often it just takes showing a little bit of interest, such as talking to students before class starts or taking a few minutes to ask them how their day is going, even (gasp) in the middle of class. Stop to watch a YouTube video that a student is watching during class. Ask them about it. Show some interest, build some rapport, and lead that student back into the task at hand. Who knows, maybe the students might be less likely to get off task later, and I will have learned something in the process.

I barely remember learning before the 21st century. I was 9 when Y2K came around. 21st Century Learning has been my entire life, and shouldn’t be set aside as something “new.” As Kasey said, it’s been 18 years. It’s time to accept technology as a part of what we do, and just start calling it “learning.”

There is a place for memorization, but not a sole focus on memorization. Luckily, the new Social Studies standards for Wisconsin reflect this. There is more emphasis on the skills that historians (or simply, informed citizens) need to know how to do, versus what date this significant event happened. One thing that I really struggle with is citation. It changes every year. I teach my students the importance of citation and why we give credit to those who provide information for us. I teach them the important information to look for (author, title, etc.). Then I teach them how to use citation machines and how to know if your citation looks correct. Memorization of citation formats is absolutely unnecessary in my opinion, though citing sources is absolutely necessary.

Both of these things (balancing the needs of the “system” and preparing students for the future) can happen simultaneously. One way to prepare students for the big test is to help them get accustomed to the way that it will work, and to ease their fears. Practicing protocols can make standardized test tasks become muscle memory. The best part is, the practice does not always have to apply to the content. Simply practicing the skill is useful. In my gamified class, I intend on using questions that are similar to those on standardized tests as an incentive for students to gain XP (experience points). They will be optional, and some will be based on pop culture rather than content. I am willing to give up a couple minutes every week for something that can help students ease test anxiety. This practice will be minor, but will hopefully help. This way I can spend more time working on preparing my students for the future, rather than spending all of my time trying to convince students to do boring homework that looks like a standardized test.

Shake Up Learning: Ch. 1: 21st Century Change

I have joined Kasey Bell's book study for her book, Shake Up Learning: Practical Ideas to Move Learning from Static to Dynamic.

Here is my reflection on Chapter 1, 21st Century Change:

Last summer I took part in an incredible opportunity in the White House History Teacher Institute. It was there that I created my Twitter account and gained my first followers. Since then, my eyes have been opened to a whole new realm of possibilities. I discovered individuals such as Kasey Bell who inspire me to be the best teacher I can be. I want to break the mold and be inspiring. My goals are to beef up my repertoire and to learn new ways that I can try new things and, most importantly, encourage my students to be fearless and do the same.

In the 21st century, learning is primarily self-paced. It is based on the interests of the individual. It is instant. If I suddenly have the urge to try a new DIY project, I can look up how to do it online and find hundreds of thousands of results on Pinterest, YouTube, etc. If one method doesn’t work for me, I can simply try another method. This is how people learn now. We don’t always wait for someone to tell us what we should know, and how we should learn it. Once we are interested, we go for it and try to accomplish our goals on our own. Some people continue on their own. Others find more people in the same situation and collaborate in order to meet their goals. In general though, one thing is the same: Self-motivation is necessary to begin a successful journey of learning.

As for my students, I am trying to help them realize this. As their teacher, I am a facilitator. It is not my job to stand in front of the room and tell my students what they should know. Instead, my job is to spark their curiosity, and to get them interested in learning the subject(s) that I am teaching. Once they are interested, the rest comes easier. I model the skills that they need to continue learning on their own, and let them loose. Students need to try things, and to fail, in order to learn. Absorbing information is not enough. All students must be willing and able to try new things in order to reach their goals, or to perfect the methods that are most useful to them individually.

I embrace change, and I work with my students to help them to do the same. Change is inevitable, and things are changing faster than ever. All of us (teachers and students) must be prepared to adapt to these changes and to make the best of it. This doesn’t mean reinventing the wheel every time something changes. This is changing what works well to fit the new model, or changing the new model to fit what has been working well. Keeping this in mind, not all changes are good changes. I also hope to help my students learn how to tell when to jump toward a new change and when to resist a bit. We have to have our goals, priorities, and what is best for us in mind before blindly starting a new initiative.

Sometimes I do feel like part of the “factory.” Every school has rules to follow, and even if some are a bit silly, they are there for a reason. Enforcing silly rules sometimes makes me feel like part of the factory, but if, even in minor ways, the silly rule helps my students learn, I will stand behind it in order to help help keep up the cohesion in our school staff. On the other hand, I encourage my students to push back against rules that they don’t like, as long as they can prove a foolproof, ironclad reason for not liking the rule. Encouraging my students to think for themselves is essential, and sometimes friction is a good thing.

I am beginning a new chapter at a new school this year, and I can’t wait to make this classroom into everything I’ve dreamed of. The new classroom will belong to my students and myself. It will be a collaborative environment where students feel safe to share and collaborate, while still providing quiet spaces for students who need to be alone to work some of the time. Student work will decorate the classroom and students will help me design the space. Lighting will include a variety so we can adjust lighting easily: a floor lamp, some table lamps, overhead lights, and/or a wall of windows. I have inviting, warm, colors to bring in; navy blue, brown, a cream color, mostly colors that I would like in my living room because they are relaxing and comforting. Once my students feel at home and comfortable, learning can become less stressful. I will allow them to find the spot that helps them learn the best. Students who enjoy a traditional school environment can sit in a desk, whereas other students can use the kitchen table or the window seats. I also have a desk built into the wall that will seat 2-3 students. The rule here will be that students in this area prefer to be left alone to work. No one will be allowed to disturb them there. My favorite change is that there is no teacher desk, and there is no front of the room. The learning is focused in the center, right where my students sit.



Tuesday, May 8, 2018

Pearl Harbor and September 11

In my Junior-level US History class, we have been discussing WWII. Every year I struggle with reaching the modern day, as things happen and we don't always get to discuss all of the topics that we should. This year I decided to help my students to synthesize a connection between the attack on Pearl Harbor and the attacks on September 11, purely in the way that it affected Americans and their perceptions on other people.

On the first day, we discussed--very briefly--what occurred at Pearl Harbor, which led to--among other things--Japanese internment. I wanted to focus on the perspective of the Japanese Americans that were held in internment camps before we took a look at the American point of view and American reasoning, as exposure to that perspective could have closed their minds to other points of view.

First, I compiled 14 primary sources that depicted Japanese internment in both negative and positive lights. I found as many local sources as I could, which was possible even in our area of rural Wisconsin. My students were tasked with taking a look at the primary sources and determining what the sources told them about Japanese internment. We then discussed the sources and the impact that Japanese internment had on Japanese Americans, as well as the impact that the primary sources would have had on a Japanese American who lived through internment.

The next day, we took a look at video footage of both the aftermath of Pearl Harbor as well as video news footage of the attacks on September 11. I also showed two History.com videos that do a great job of showing a timeline of what happened on September 11. We then watched, and compared, FDR's speech on December 8, 1941 to George W. Bush's speech on September 11, 2001. We discussed the words they used, the emotion they expressed, and how the viewers might have felt watching the speeches.

After we viewed the videos, I told my personal story of what I remembered from September 11. As a fifth grader, I remember not understanding what was happening. I understood that planes were crashing and buildings were falling down, and that was really it. I then explained how over time I have gained a more sophisticated understanding, and the events of that day greatly affect me, especially knowing how many innocent lives were lost.

I then assigned my students a short assignment. They had to find one image from Pearl Harbor and one from September 11, and then explain how the image would affect the emotions of an American living through the event. They could choose to focus on any group of Americans, including Japanese Americans or Muslim Americans. They also had to ask someone for their personal history of what they remember happening on September 11.

After all of this, I felt like we needed one more way for students to explore how imagery could affect one's emotions, and how symbolism was incredibly important in memorializing tragic events. We looked through pictures of various Pearl Harbor and September 11 memorials, discussing the symbolism that was present in each one. I showed them that every little piece of each memorial was planned that way for a reason. I then tasked my students with creating a memorial of their own. They were able to depict whichever event they wanted in whatever medium they preferred.

Some students built 3D models, painted on canvas, drew posters, and created online graphic designs, but most of all, I saw that they took the project seriously and put intense thought into their memorials. They understood the impact of these incredible disasters and truly wanted to memorialize the memory of those who were affected by the attacks.

These few lessons only lasted a couple of days, but my students gained an appreciation for historical events that I hope will affect how they understand other important events. Events are not simply stuck in the past; they greatly impacted people, and I am glad that my students were able to understand that in such a mature fashion.

Here is what we worked on... I have to put this together in a HyperDoc to make it easier to navigate!

Day 1: 
Day 2:

  • Learning Targets:
    • Compare and contrast the attack on Pearl Harbor with the attacks on September 11.
    • Understand and exhibit the importance of symbolism, specifically in memorials
  • Activities:
    • Discuss memorials (symbolism, effect on viewers, etc.)
      • Find links for students to explore - What meaning did they find in the memorials? Choose a symbol you found to share with the class.
    • Design a memorial
      • Your task is to design a memorial that commemorates either the events of the attack on Pearl Harbor or the attacks on September 11.
    • Your memorial may be a building, statue, mural, banner, or any other type of visual memorial. You can create your memorial in any medium you choose: online, on paper, 3D, etc.
    • You must include at least three symbols in your memorial.
    • In an accompanying description, you must describe the meaning of your three (or more) symbols.
    • Your memorial will be worth 10 project points. It is due on Tuesday, May 8.
There were some very thoughtful memorials. I wish I had taken pictures of some of them!